Researchers have found that self-ef

Researchers have found that self-efficacy can be used to predict behavior during emergency situations (Suzuki et al., 2009; Chen et al., 2010). Self-efficacy is defined as an individual’s confidence in his or her ability and competence to complete tasks in certain situations (Lee et al., 2007; Chiang et al., 2004). People with high self-efficacy continue resolutely until a task is complete, whereas people with low self-efficacy tend to give up prematurely (Cheng and Lee, 2009). Related studies have discovered that parenting self- efficacy is an important variable that affects parenting skills and satisfaction and is a determinant of parenting competence (Jones and Prinz, 2005; Sevigny and Loutzenhiser, 2009; Hess et al., 2004). Therefore, self-efficacy can be used to assess related behaviors when the actual behaviors cannot be measured.
Based on the studies above, children are at high risk of experi- encing accidental injuries, and parents must know how to handle children’s home injuries. Most studies on accident injuries and first aid knowledge have examined students, educators, and profes- sional child caregivers (Singer et al., 2004; Lee and Chen, 2009) and have focused on the first aid knowledge of parents (Erkal, 2010; Singer et al., 2004; Altunda and Ozturk, 2007) and injury preven- tion or home safety (Altunda and Ozturk, 2007; Singer et al., 2004). However, self-efficacy to predict first aid behavior has not been investigated among parents of young children. Therefore, the pur- pose of this study is to investigate parental self-efficacy about first aid for children between the ages of 0 and 4 years and the factors that affect parental self-efficacy.