These figures confirm the relationship linking energy consumption with economic development and population growth, and question global policy attempts to invert this trend by increasing energy efficiency (including renewable and green technologies). Globalisation, improvement of living conditions in emerging regions and the development of communication networks, promote developed nations’ life style and raise energy needs to consumption patterns that, without doubt, will exhaust fossil fuels and will produce a serious environmental impact. In this sense, current energy and socio-economic systems are definitively unsustainable.